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| 1775 |
| | | Pioneer Daniel Boone and other backwoodsmen cut the road west that will bring settlers to Kentucky | |
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| 1779 |
| | | Joseph Banks tells a committee of the House of Commons that the east coast of Australia is suitable for the transportation of convicted felons | |
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| 1783 |
| | | The empress Catherine the Great annexes the Crimean peninsula, giving Russia a presence in the Black Sea | |
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| 1787 |
| | | The Continental Congress passes the Northwest Ordinance, a plan for the establishment of new states north and west of the Ohio river | |
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| 1787 |
| | | The First Fleet (eleven ships carrying about 750 convicts) leaves Portsmouth for Australia | |
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| 1788 |
| | | After a journey of eight months from England the First Fleet reaches Australia, anchoring in Botany Bay | |
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| 1788 |
| | | Arthur Phillip, selecting a suitable coastal site for the first penal colony in Australia, names the place Sydney Cove | |
|  | Map of Australia showing the distribution of convicts, c.1820
National Archives, Kew
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| 1790 |
| | | A second fleet arrives in Sydney, bringing more convicts and a regiment, the New South Wales Corps, to keep order | |
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| 1791 |
| | | An Indian raid on an American military camp beside the Maumee river leaves more than 600 US soldiers dead | |
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| 1793 |
| | | Russia and Prussia agree on a second partition of Poland | |
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